An integral part of teaching

An integral part of teaching How and why we assess our children has a massive impact on their life in education and consequently on how and what we plan and teach, and how children learn. The National Curriculum defines assessment as an integral part of teaching and learning (1999, p.17), emphasising the value of assessing the process of learning and teaching as well as the outcome. Suggestions on a range of assessment strategies and tools are included in the curriculum but to enable teachers and schools to continue the development of good assessment practice, more detailed guidance is necessary. To begin with it is perhaps necessary to define assessment as any process used to inform teachers as to a pupils progress and learning. There are many different types of assessment, usually discussed as different purposes of assessment while these assessments certainly differ in several significant aspects; they are united in their aspirations of making a positive contribution to bringing about learning. There are two main forms of assessment; formative and summative. I have observed both types in the classroom, recognising that the key to excellent assessment practice is to understand what each form and their methods contribute. From these observations I understand that in order to become successful in my pedagogy I need to construct my teaching to maximise the success of both formative and summative assessment in my classroom. To allow me competently use both assessment for learning and assessment of learning I must develop a range and knowledge of assessment purposes and strategies which I will now discuss. Formative assessment can provide a snapshot moment by moment picture of the success of teaching and learning. It provides the two way dialogue between educator and child, the knowledge which enhances pedagogy allowing teaching to become relevant and timely. Assessment for Learning in particular will be a clear focus for me as I look for opportunities to strengthen my own teaching practice, having observed first hand the strong contribution AfL, which the National Strategies defines as a natural, integral and essential part of effective learning and teaching and is a key element of personalised learning. Teachers and children continually reflect on how learning is progressing, see where improvements can be and identify the next steps to take (2004), can make towards effective teaching. It makes the difference between self-assured and stimulated pupils, and disenfranchised pupils who are uncertain of the rationale behind the learning objective. The case for clearly communicating the learning outcome to the class is picked up on by Clarke (2006). In my own experience and observation, this results in making learning relevant especially when the learning intention is placed in the context of previous and future learning. It also helps to illuminate which areas of subject knowledge are required to teach at which time and how this information or teaching of skills is to be structured. Clarke also recommends that the teacher works with children to identify success criteria. These are used to supply feedback to both pupils and the teacher regarding the extent to which the learning objective has been met. Consequently, the use of formative assessment enriches the process of teaching, planning and curriculum development. It can inform not only the short term goals for the class, but also the negotiated curriculum, as children are encouraged to become active learners by reflecting on their own progress and motivation. It must be stressed that not all assessment needs to be quantitative, nor does it need to be recorded .The teachers own reflective process is a vital part of assessment. The purpose of summative assessment is to illustrate that pupils have met their learning goals or reached a certain standard of accomplishment. Formative assessment in basic definition is the collection and use of evidence about the learning in relation to the explicit objectives and outcomes of a lesson. This type of assessment can then be used and interpreted by the teacher to identify what the pupil has achieved, any gaps in knowledge and to decide what steps are needed to enable the pupil to reach their potential and unit outcome. I have observed formative assessment being used to inform teachers of pupil progress and to enable them to adapt their planning and teaching to their childrens needs. The aim of formative assessment is to impact positively on pupil learning and effective pedagogy. There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that formative assessment raises both progress and attainment levels Assessment begins in this way in the Early Years Foundation stage (EYFS), where in 2003; the Foundation Stage Profile (FSP) was introduced. The FSP consists of 13 scales relating to creative development, knowledge and understanding of the world, personal, social and emotional development, physical development, language and literacy and mathematical development. Children are assessed on each scale and their progress towards achieving early learning goals is judged. During my previous experience in my base school, I have observed how a pupil profile is built up over the EYFS, so that evidence can be used formatively and later summarised against the performance descriptions of the scales for reporting at the end of each term. Through my experience of the EYFS I have seen how teacher-based this form of assessment is, as the evidence accumulated for each child is derived from on-going learning activities. This normally takes place through the use of observation sheets and post-its. Occasi onally, a more formal assessment takes place where the teacher asks the child in question if they can perform a specific task, the evidence from which is then logged and used as assessment data, however these are still situated within the normal day to day routines of the children and no cause of distress. (Q 11 12) In comparison to the FSP, the assessment children experience in Key Stages 1 and 2 varies greatly and summative assessment plays a greater role. Summative assessment is the assessment of learning and is used to record the achievements of individuals at a particular point in their learning (usually at the end of a topic, term or year). Rather than a steady trickle of specific learning goals, it refers to a broader learning outcome which has been achieved over a longer period of time. In contrast to the singular outcomes of formative assessment, summative assessments are used in several different ways, some relating to individual pupils and some to aggregated results of groups of pupils. At the end of both Y2 and Y6, children are expected to undertake external tasks and tests in mathematics and English (SATS). The results of Key Stage 2 SATS in particular are a cause of immense pressure for both pupils and teachers, as they are reported and used to inform national statistics. It is only at the end of each Key Stage that pupil attainment must be reported in terms of national curriculum levels; however there is also a statutory requirement to provide parents with a summative report once each year. Many schools choose to include within this the levels children have reached during the academic year this trend has been reinforced by the use of optional SATS for years between 2 and 6. In addition to the assessment and tracking of individual pupils, test results (KS1 and KS2 SATS) are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the education provided by teachers, schools and local authorities and compared nationally. The results of these examinations have huge implications and c onsiderable importance for teachers as the results are used to inform targets which schools must take accountability for meeting. There are established Government national targets for the percentage of children achieving a level 4 in the key stage 2 tasks which schools are required to set targets for. The consequences of not achieving these targets are severe, with schools become subject to OFSTED inspections and categories, with lack of attainment becoming the main cause of a school being placed in special measures. (Q 11 12 13) In order to avoid such consequences, teachers are facing constant pressure to ensure children are achieving age related expectations, amid fears that they will fail to hit Government targets. Children in our primary schools are in danger of being taught a limited timetable as some schools and teachers focus on teaching to the test. This is despite recommendations by OFSTED that while à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦some schools are able to prepare pupils for tests without sacrificing the wider curriculumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦but an emphasis on the core subjects limits what pupils do, particularly as teachers prepare them for key stage 2 exams (Marley 2008) As well as placing pressure upon teachers, national testing has a huge impact on pupils. It can cause a lack of motivation for lower ability children, as well as a view of learning as product rather than process for all children. There is much attention focussed on those children who are performing just beneath age related levels, while those who are either too far above or below the target level suffering a lack of attention. For my son, and for most 10-year olds in the country, the next nine months will be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a sterile, narrow and meaningless exercise in drilling and cramming. Its nothing to do with the skills of his teacher who seems outstanding. Nor do I blame the school. Its called preparing for Key Stage 2 SATS (2006) It is clear that the emphasis has to be placed back on teaching rather than targets and tests. How then do we ensure the progress and attainment of the children in our schools without narrowing the curriculum? Assessing pupil progress (APP) has been accepted as recognising the differing purposes and audiences for assessment on both a day-to-day and periodic time scale. On a day-to-day capacity it provides a closer view of pupils, enabling teachers to support childrens learning through use of effective classroom intervention. Periodically it reviews a broader range of pupils work, which in turn can inform planning and enable teachers to monitor progress and attainment. The purpose of APP is to support effective planning; teaching and learning, The use of informed and consistent target setting will continue to play a crucial part in ensuring that teachers know what to teach to allow children to achieve their aims by guiding and challenging them. In my base school APP is used to support this aim, ensuring that targets are both appropriate and relevant to individuals. Similarly APP can be used to identify gaps in a pupils learning, allowing teachers to reflect upon their own teaching, especial ly in those cases where there are common mistakes and misconceptions on the part of the pupils. APP also reinforces Assessment for Learning (AfL) as a daily occurrence, leading to a more constructive impact on teaching and learning. In national guidance there is an increasing emphasis on the role of APP in tracking and recording performance. Whilst most schools recognise the opportunities to increase their teacher assessments consistency and reliability, it will take time for APP to become second nature to staff. However, the overarching aim of APP is clear it aims to enable us to recognize and celebrate overall progress in an aspect of learning, rather than just assessing learning of the most recently taught and learned. (Q 12 13 26a) As well as internal methods of assessment, schools have access to national and local data in forms of the raiseonline and national and local benchmarking data. This enables schools to pinpoint how well they are doing and any improvements they could and should make. Schools can make comparisons, not only on a national level but also against schools with similar levels of deprivation (eligibility for free school meals) or schools with similar levels of contextual value added. Supporting all schools improvement processes by providing a variety of methods to analyse their performance data as part of the self evaluation form (SEF). It is necessary however to interpret benchmarking data with care as rather than providing schools with the answers it is more likely that it would help them identify questions and issues that may need to be investigated. Whilst comparing data between schools may give accurate portrayals of a schools performance, it does not necessarily account for it. (Q 13) It is my opinion, after research and school based observations, that a successful assessment is an open one, where everyone involved, from staff to pupils are aware to some extent of what and how evidence is to be assessed. It is essential that we are completely transparent about the need for and purpose of assessment and why it is carried out in particular ways. Feedback to pupils is key in formative assessment, as it is only by showing pupils the steps they need to take in order to reach the next steps in their learning that we as teachers can bring about learning. While we cannot learn for the students, we can use feedback to make adjustments to our planning and teaching, enabling students to access the curriculum with all the tools they require. Even the very youngest pupils can be given some explanation of the assessment process, which in turns enables children to both self and peer assess. Self and peer assessment includes pupil involvement in both setting the success criteria and how they will show that they have been successful, empowering them to take control of their own learning. There are huge advantages to this type of assessment, the most significant of which are that it develops lifelong evaluation skills whilst supporting independent learning increases pupil motivation by involving them in the assessment process treats assessment as part of learning, so mistakes are seen as opportunities rather than a sign of failure. reduces the amount of teacher assessment but improves the quality. In my base school I have observed a number of self and peer assessment strategies including children marking each others work, the use of a traffic lighting system, suggesting improvements to each others work and reflecting upon their own. Of course there are possible issues surrounding the use of peer and self assessment, with many believing that it should be used only for formative assessment as it is possible that children may allow friendships to affect their objectivity. It is necessary that teachers use peer and self assessment to support their own assessment, teaching and planning rather that relying upon it completely. (Q 28) Through my reading and observations during my time in school, it has become clear to me that there is no part of interaction which is not assessed. Though this may not seem manageable, the variation of assessment strategies that I have witnessed, I have come to the realisation that assessment does not always have to have a written outcome. Instead, it suggests to me that assessment can bring about conscious teaching and informed planning. My developing understanding of a range of assessment strategies including APP, self and peer assessment , AfL among others, will enable me to use day-to-day assessment to provide the pupils in my care with instant feedback, relevant next steps, appropriate support and individual targets, allowing me to adjust my planning in line with the needs of those in my care. (Q 26a, 12, 13, 19) Although I believe that some form of summative assessment is necessary in schools, I believe that on many occasions grades, marks and levels are assigned to pupils work more often than strictly necessary when it may be more appropriate to provide formative feedback. This is something I intend to avoid in my own practice, especially as I have experienced the use of excellent formative assessment in my base school. I have found that feedback given in this way to inform a target is highly effective in motivating pupils, and goes some way towards personalising learning. Furthermore it builds confidence and the long-term aim of helping children to become independent learners. It is essential then, to ensure good teaching and learning, that assessment involves a great deal more than just testing. It should be a continuing process that encompasses many activities, both formal and informal, designed to monitor and improve teaching and in turn the bringing about of learning across all areas o f the curriculum.(Q22, 25a) Teaching will inevitably be focused on what s assessed. When conducted by testing this impact is bound to have a narrowing effect on what is taught because tests only sample the learning outcomes and include those outcomes more easily assessed by tests. If teachers use a much wider range of assessment methods, the result can be much more positive.

Bloomberg and the Soda Law Essay

The soda law introduced by Mayor Bloomberg to ban the sale of sodas larger than 16 fl. oz. at restaurants across the city will have zero to minimal economic impact on people who are currently buying them. The soda ban will have an extremely small net positive economic impact on businesses. And the rationale behind this is the fact that whoever drinks more soda will acquire more soda, regardless of how big or small the drink is. A 20 fl. oz. soda, when banned will be replaced by a 16 fl. oz. cup of soda. How much soda an individual drinks may even increase if instead of drinking just one 20 fl. oz. soda, he decides to get a refill of his 16 fl. oz. soda, something that most restaurants allow. The benefits projected for the society from this law, that may reduce obesity are preposterous. The cost of soda for restaurants is roughly $0. 0132 per ounce (see Appendix). On a 20 fl. oz. soda, the net cost to the restaurant is about $0. 22 (Appendix). A 20 fl. oz. cup of soda at an establishment such as McDonald’s, perhaps the main target of this law, sells for roughly $2. 50. Once the 20 fl. oz. cup is gone, it will be replaced by the 16 fl. oz. cup, but at the same price. The restaurants will re-label the 16 fl. oz. cup as the new large, introduce a 12 fl. oz. cup as a medium and keep the 8 –ounce cup as a small. But will this add significantly to the revenues of the restaurant? It is very unlikely, since the customers will just get refills for their 16 fl. oz. cups. The only economical benefit for the restaurant might be the people who do not refill their cups and this is minimal since the cost of soda is just a rounding error for most restaurants. This law is ineffective because it does not stop the consumer from consuming any less soda from what was being consumed before. The economic impact on the society will be in the red because of the hundreds and thousands of dollars spent on structuring the bill, the flawed methodologies of research that determined a small cup would result in less consumption of soda, and finally the money spent by various groups opposing or supporting this law. To effectively tackle the problem of obesity, the government needs to look at other avenues. Soda is a big cause of obesity, it is made of sugar and has calories, but the ban on a larger serving is not the solution. An effective solution would be to raise the taxes on sodas. Another solution is to ban refills, thus prompting the customer to purchase another soda, which will either discourage the purchase or add more to tax revenues collected by the government. In turn, this tax revenue can be used to build jogging tracks, exercise equipment and other recreational facilities for the community. Another option for the government is to advertise the ill effects of drinking soda and promote healthier alternatives such as fruit and vegetable juices at affordable prices at those restaurants. There are several other options for soda drinkers to consume the same amount of soda when this law is enforced. Restaurants and movie theatres give free refills, convenience stores such as 7-11 are exempt from this law, and grocery stores still sell the large bottles and cases. The answer to this problem lies in educating the people about the ill effects of soda and only then will this law be economically beneficial for the society. This law does not have any health benefits that can be converted in to economical benefits for the society. Appendix: â€Å"Costing Out Soda & Free Refills – How to Price Soda. † Wholesale Food & Restaurant Distribution by Pate Dawson Company. Pate Dawson Company, 2009. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. .

Desert Biome

De iomee ert B s n g rick Bor By: E Period:2 Where is the desert biome located Usually located in U. S. A, South America, Africa,Europe,Austalia,and Asia. located in hot, dry locations around the Earth. Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's land surface. What's the climate like? All deserts are dry, arid places, but some may be cold depending on the location. Desert regions usually only receive 10 inches of rain per year. A very low latitude climate. Usually have average temperature over 64Â ° F(18Â ° C). The climate is formed by high-pressure zones in which cold air descends.Who lives in the Desert? The animals that live in the desert such as camels, snakes, lizards, scorpions, coyotes, armadillos, hawks, and kangaroos, have special adaptations that allow them to survive the extreme temperatures and conditions that present in a desert. There's also things like plants such as cactus, ocotillo a leafy green plant that produces flowers) and shrubs. Plants in the desert are for ced to make many adaption's in order to survive in this dry, hot land. Some adaption's are when rain falls they sprout at that moment. SpecialityReceives a extremely low amount of perspiration. More water is lost by evapotranspiration. Deserts can be Cold or hot. Cold deserts are usually covered in snow or ice. classified by their geographical location and dominant weather pattern. Sand covers about only 20% of earths deserts. Antarctica is actually the biggest desert. level of biodiversity I believe the level of biodiversity is hot and dry. Not to many living things live in the desert, because of heat. Deserts don't really have plants because it rarely rains. Animals that can live in the heat can sustained the deserts biodiversity.

The Audio Lingual Method For Teaching English Language...

A variety of researched methods for teaching English Language Learners (ELLs) exist and most of them tend to claim communicative language use as their main goal, but this goal is not clearly evident in every method that claims it due in part to differences that arise from linguistic focuses versus psychological viewpoints. Of the various methods we have studied, the Audio-Lingual Method (ALM), Community Language Learning (CLL), and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are noteworthy for the similarities and differences in their histories and underlying principles. The Audio-Lingual Method for teaching ELLs is an oral-based method that was researched by Charles Fries of the University of Michigan in 1945. The underlying ideals of this method come from the study of structural linguistics and later the conditioning of behavioral psychology. The main action of this method is drilling students with grammar through repetition. ALM consists of students repeating sentences constructed by th e teacher; the teacher is in complete control of student learning. In this method a student’s L1 is not welcomed in the classroom; in fact, the underlying ideal is that the L1 can interfere with L2 learning, so to avoid negative transfer, students are bombarded with L2 stimulus in quick succession. ALM sees the L1 as a problem for students to overcome. Seeing this method in action, student responses are quick; they repeat after the teacher, possibly not knowing what it is they are saying.Show MoreRelatedGrammar-Translation Method, Audio-Lingual Method and Direct Method1724 Words   |  7 PagesThree of the earliest teaching methods were the Grammar-Translation Method, the Direct Method, and the Audio-lingual Method. Discuss these three methods. 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These factorsRead MoreEnglish As The Foreign Language Essay1765 Words   |  8 Pagesof the study English as the foreign language in Kurdistan is taught from the first year of School up to the university level. The Audio-Lingual system, which was proposed by American etymologists in 1950s, was created from the guideline that a dialect is most importantly an arrangement of correspondence; sounds for social composing is an optional subsidiary framework for the recording of communicates dialect (Carroll, 1963). Consequently, the reason for the Audio-Lingual strategy is to utilizeRead MoreWhat Links Theory Into Practice Within The Classroom1647 Words   |  7 PagesMethodology in EFL language teaching can be characterized in a number of ways. It is believed that methodology is what links theory into practice within the classroom. There are many different teaching methods that can be used in the classroom; in this essay I will compare and contrast the traditional grammar translation method, the communicative teaching approach and the audio-lingual method and the communicative app roach and how they impact in the classroom environment. Deciding which method is best forRead MoreThe Purpose Of Education1041 Words   |  5 Pagespersonally think teaching English as second/foreign language would serve many purposes for those who wish to learn it, for instance; students are able to pursue their life ambitions, discover different cultures and communicate with others around the world. I want to teach it simply because firstly it is the most widely spoken language in the world and one which Crystal states: ‘that a person is more likely to be in touch with the latest thinking and research in a subject by learning English than by learningRead MoreCommunicative Language Teaching and Audio-Lingual Method3681 Words   |  15 PagesCommunicative Language Teaching and Audio-Lingual Method: Definition Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach to the teaching of second and foreign languages that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. It is also referred to as â€Å"communicative approach to the teaching of foreign languages† or simply the â€Å"Communicative Approach.† The Audio-Lingual Method, or the Army Method, is a style of teaching used in teaching foreign languages. It is basedRead MoreEnglish As A Foreign Language1136 Words   |  5 Pages Grammar teaching has an irreplaceable place in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) because of the fact that without grammar learners can use the language in a limited way; they may not achieve to fully express their intentions or meaning of the messages in a communication activity. It has been seen that throughout the history, the attention given to grammar teaching has differed from time to time. In the beginnings of the twentieth century, grammar teaching was regarded so essential that other aspectsRead MoreAudio Lingual Method2617 Words   |  11 PagesGGGV 2044 METHODS IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE Semester 2 2009/2010 AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD: A DISCUSSION (INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT) LECTURER: DR. HAMIDAH BT. YAMAT @ AHMAD LISA KWAN SU LI A123040 TESL/2 2 1.1 INTRODUCTION The Audio-lingual Method (ALM), by its very name – â€Å"audio† and â€Å"lingual† – refers to a language teaching approach that focuses on two aspects of language, namely listening and speaking. Unlike its predecessor, the Grammar Translation Method, which focusesRead MoreKey Features of AL and CLT Approach1363 Words   |  5 Pagesand CLT approach Audio-lingual approach Communicative teaching language approach Approach Nature of language -structural view -Language: a system of structural phonological, grammatical and lexical patterns to express the functional meanings -functional view -Language: a medium for social interaction and communication Nature of language learning Behaviorism – Habit formation via over-learning Learners’ engagement in authentic and meaningful task to promote language learning. (the learningRead MoreMethods Of An Adult English As A Second Language ( Esl ) Classroom1508 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The purpose of this paper is to explore the methods are used in an Adult English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom. I am interested in what types of activities facilitate students’ understanding, make students comfortable, and encourage student participation. I chose to concentrate on this aspect of second language (L2) learning because as a future teacher, I believe it is important to be mindful and use activities and interactions that appeal and are beneficial to all students

Medical School Diversity Essay Samples Reviews & Guide

Medical School Diversity Essay Samples Reviews & Guide The Hidden Truth on Medical School Diversity Essay Samples Remember what seems to be a little issue to you can be an important issue with a different one. In the world today, there are numerous challenges that plenty of men are attempting to cope with. You may visit us to secure more info on any subject that's in question in medical school. Rephrase the key areas of the definition and make certain you summed up everything you planned on saying. Do not attempt and describe too much in this section, as you would like to split up the bulk of it for the remainder of the essay! There are an endless number of words that may be defined in the period of an essay. Actually, prior to making an order you are able to secure a price quote on your essay. Click the ORDER NOW button and complete the form. You will discover that writing secondary essays gets easier and simpler over time because a great deal of them are around the very same theme. It is crucial to have wide data in the diversity essay. Nonetheless, before you settle on a topic or when thinking of a set of health research essay topics, it's important to mention that the type of topic you select will ascertain not merely the relevance of your paper, but likewise the depth and breadth of your research. Actually, rather than simply stopping with the essay examples posted on the company sites, go an additional mile and order your whole paper from the skilled writers. Medical School Diversity Essay Samples Features Actually, a seasoned writer can do the job much faster than any student as they've been writing academic assignments during their entire life. A whole lot of students can become so generic here I can just copy and paste it from secondary to secondary for every single school that asks the exact same question. You will determine that a great deal of the questions are extremely similar from school to school. A great deal are likely to ask about diversity questions or why a DO school so that you want to get ready to answer those. So the earlier you turn in your principal application and the earlier you're done with your secondary essays, the earlier your MCAT score is in, the earlier your letters of recommendation are in, the earlier your application is finished, then the schools will look over your application and determine whether they wish to offer you an interview. Admission officers don't want to see only a very long list of your accomplishments and awards. You should draw up and do some research and develop a list of programs at each one of the healthcare schools or student organizations at every one of the health care schools. Colleges and universities wouldn't exist without students so the work of the college admissions office is crucial to the diversity and financial health of any university. When writing a health school admission essay for a section of an application procedure, you get a special opportunity to set yourself apart from different applicants and standout. The target of this report is to help you restrict your choice from medical school essay topics that you're considering for your assignment. Questions about diversity want to figure out how your abilities and talents make you merely the ideal puzzle piece to fit in the jigsaw puzzle composed of all students on a campus. As our group of writers is pretty big, we always have free writers prepared to bring a manageable and well-paid purchase. As you become older your probability of needing long-term care providers increase. Moreover, medical schools already know about each one of the programs and resources they give, which means you wouldn't be providing much value via your writing. Perhaps you've been laid off and haven't been in a position to locate a new job. There are lots of, a number of other tacti cs to begin an organization. What About Medical School Diversity Essay Samples? Diversity refers to applying different perspectives in a particular setting to be able to bring about more comprehensive and productive outcomes. It includes anything about a person's background that will make his or her perspectives and skills unique. In summary, the education system plays a main role in promoting diversity. Additionally, it plays a significant role in promoting diversity. In different studies, Professor Lampard claimed that man flu shouldn't be sexist and the name pf this influenza shouldn't be man flu regardless of the simple fact that men are somewhat more vulnerable than women. Heightened diversity has seen the growth of international citizenship whereby numerous people are able to relocate freely through the world. From a personal viewpoint, it's important to bring or rather motivate women to participate in the specialty of aviation as it is a lucrative field. The areas are not gender specific and thus, women ought to be encouraged to venture inside them.

The Social Problem That I Chose For My Final Paper Is Poverty

Daniel DeGroat Social Issue Paper Intro to Sociology 9 December 2015 Poverty in America The social problem that I chose for my final paper is Poverty in America. Poverty is the general scarcity, dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. Since the early 1800s, industrialization and immigration has brought poverty of a new kind and on a new scale to American cities. I have chosen the topic of poverty because it is apart of my everyday life and world. Being a city kid from New York, I see homeless and poverty filled streets to the extreme. It has now become a normal lifestyle for millions of people to withstand. Seeing how millions of people are constantly on the streets with a lack luster of money has connected me with these people on a strong level. Poverty in the United States is widespread through out all 50 states. The poverty rate of the United States as of 2014 has risen to 15%. The state with the smallest unemployment rate is North Dakota with only 2.8%. The state with the largest was Nevada 7.8%. Approximately, 49.7 m illion people are living in poverty, which makes every one in six Americans poor. Poverty in America is a lot more common than we acknowledge; nearly half of the people in the U.S. who are poor either do not realize that they are poor or do not label or identify their self as poor or â€Å"lower class.† Isabel V. Sawhill wrote an article in 2008 titled â€Å"Poverty in the United States†. She talks about how povertyShow MoreRelatedPolitical Ideology and Social Problem Analysis1944 Words   |  8 Pages Abramovitz (2003) states, â€Å"To a large extent, the history of social services and social welfare policy consists of the evolving recognition of social needs and the organization of society to meet them† (p. 130). The United States has the highest rates of poverty in the Western world; surprisingly the United States is the richest nation in the world. In 1964, Lyndon B. Johnson introduced the War on Poverty. His approach was to expand the government’s role in the citizen’s education and healthRead MoreEssay about How Overpopulation Causes Social Problems.3010 Words   |  13 PagesOverpopulation Causes Social Problems Introduction The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how overpopulation causes social problems. To do so you must take many things into consideration, such as different views of racial problems and conflicting definitions of a social problem. Social problems can be defined in many different ways. They effect everyone and some of us encounter problems everyday as a result of our race, religion, gender, or low income. Others experience problems from technologicalRead MoreAnalyze a Sociological Issue1900 Words   |  8 PagesAnalyze a Sociological Issue Social Inequality and Minorities in the United States 10/24/2010 In this course I have learned about different social problems in societies worldwide. Some of these include poverty, social inequality, discrimination of race and culture, urbanization, and more. After learning all these subjects and more, I have decided to do my final on social inequality and minorities in the United States. I chose this particular topic because I have seen this in almost everyRead MorePoverty and the American Dream Essay2446 Words   |  10 PagesPoverty and the American Dream Research Paper Final Draft Jeffery White English 101 Section 7 December 20,2012 The American Dream has driven many people for a long time. The dream has been presented in Hollywood movies showing a family or person striving to succeed in America. 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Diet and Weight Management

Question: Discuss about the Diet and Weight Management. Answer: Introduction: The paleo diet was founded by Loren Cordown, PhD. The idea of this diet is to eat like our ancestors from the palaeolithic era who mainly hunted and gathered their food. The paleo diet advocates the eating of eggs, seeds and nuts, lean meats, fish, fruits and vegetables and healthy oils for example olive oil and coconut oil.Processed food are not permitted. Added salts (sodium chloride), refined sugar and vegetable oils, alcohol, potatoes, wheat and grains, dairy and legumes (peanuts and beans) are strongly advised against. (McMillen, 2016) Loren Cordown says that by following the paleo nutritional diet guidelines, one's diet gets to be in line with pressure that was evolutionary in nature that helped shape current genetics, which in the long run helps to influence well being and health in a positive manner. Some benefits alluded to this diet are (Fetters): the glycemic load in the body lessens. good balance between carbohydrates, fat and proteins. an increase in the consumption of nutrients and vitamins. the ratio of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids is quite healthy. Paleo diet vis a vis the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Food types that are recommended in the paleo diet can be found under guideline 2 (Australian Dietary Guidelines, 2013). However, this dietary guideline advocates for more food types than the select few found in the paleo diet: The paleo diet adheres only to a small degree to the dietary guideline 2 as it excludes a lot of foods that might be otherwise nutritious and good for one's health, for example, legumes and beans which are low in energy and are considered to be good sources of dietary fibre, proteins, minerals and vitamins such as vitamin C , magnesium and folate. ("Is paleo diet safe?", 2015) Guideline 3 (Australian Dietary Guidelines, 2013) encourages a 'limited intake' of foods that contain refined vegetable oils, refined sugar, added salts and discourages pregnant and breastfeeding women from taking alcohol. On this, the paleo diet takes a zero intake stance. In this matter, the paleo diet meets and supercedes the Australian dietary guidelines because foods and drinks that are high in saturated fats, added sugars, added salt and alcohol, are highly associated with the increased risk of chronic diseases and obesity, type 2 diabetes and maybe some cancers. Recommendations on following the paleo diet. Although the diet has huge potential of being a healthy diet, a strict adherence to this diet would put many people at risk because of deficiencies in vitamin D and calcium which could increase the risk of rickets, bone fractures or osteoporosis. Such vitamins are very important in ensuring healthy bones and they are usually found in dairy products such cheese and milk. ("Is the paleo diet safe?", 2015) The paleo diet has high fiber content, antioxidants and potassium while being low on sodium, sugar and carbohydrates which are unnecessary as they add little to no fibre, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Artificial ingredients and processed foods are strongly discouraged meaning one would lead a more healthier lifestyle. To ensure a more healthier lifestyle while following the caveman (paleo) diet, one should add lentils, beans, low fat dairy products, whole grains and some extra calcium sources like tofu, almond milk or soy milk to the diet. ("Is the paleo diet safe?", 2015) References Department of Health and Ageing. 2013. Australian dietary guidelines: Providing the scientific evidence for healthier Australian diets. Retrieved from https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/guidelines-publications/n55 University of California Davis. 2015. Is the paleo diet safe? Retrieved from www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/welcome/features/2014-2015/06/20150603_paleo-diet.html McMillen, Matt. 2016. Diet weight management: The paleo diet. Retrieved from www.webmd.com/diet/a-z/paleo-diet Fetters, K.A. Health/Nutrition: Everything you need to know about the paleo diet. Retrieved from www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20786451,,00.html#the-paleo-premise-0